Dehydration and hyperthermia reduces leg blood flow (LBF), cardiac output([Formula: see text]) and arterial pressure during whole-body exercise. It is unknown whether the reductions in blood flow are associated with dehydration-induced alterations in arterial blood oxygen content (C aO2) andO2-dependent signaling. This study investigated the impact of dehydration and concomitant alterations in C aO2 upon [...]
We assessed the urinary indexes of hydration status of Greco-Roman wrestlers in an authentic precompetition situation at the time of official weigh-in (OWI). A total of 51 of 89 wrestlers competing in the Estonian Championship in 2009 donated a urine sample. Questionnaire responses revealed that 27 wrestlers (body mass losers (BMLs)) reduced body mass before [...]
This study investigated the influence of dehydration during soccer-type intermittent exercise on isokinetic and isometric muscle function. Eight soccer players performed two 90-min high-intensity intermittent shuttle-running trials without (NF) or with (FL) fluid ingestion (5 ml · kg(-1) before and 2 ml · kg(-1) every 15 min). Isokinetic and isometric strength and muscular power of knee flexors and knee extensors were measured [...]
The aims of this study were to assess the dietary intake and monitor self-reported recovery quality and clinical symptomology of a male ultra-endurance runner who completed a multi-day ultra-endurance running challenge covering 4254km from North Scotland to the Moroccan Sahara desert over 78 consecutive days. Food and fluid intakes were recorded and analysed through dietary [...]
The purpose of this study was to characterize the magnitude of acute weight gain (AWG) and dehydration in mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters before competition. Urinary measures of hydration status and body mass were determined approximately 24 hours before and then again approximately 2 hours before competition in 40 MMA fighters (mean ± SE, age: [...]
Purpose: To determine if individuals with type 1 diabetes exhibit impairments in local and whole-body heat loss responses that could impact core temperature regulation during exercise in the heat compared to matched, non-diabetic individuals. Methods: Twelve otherwise healthy individuals with type 1 diabetes (HbA1c = 7.7±0.3%) and 12 controls matched for age, sex, body surface [...]
PURPOSE: The impact of diet on endurance performance and cognitive function has been extensively researched in controlled settings, but there are limited observational data in field situations. This study examines relationships between nutrient intake and cognitive function following endurance exercise amongst a group of 33 recreational runners and walkers. METHODS: All participants (mean age of [...]
Although expert groups have developed guidelines for fluid intake during sports, there is debate about their real-world application. We reviewed the literature on self-selected hydration strategies during sporting competitions to determine what is apparently practical and valued by athletes. We found few studies of drinking practices involving elite or highly competitive athletes, even in popular [...]
PURPOSE: To establish whether sensory factors associated with cold beverage ingestion exert an ergogenic effect on endurance performance independent of thermoregulatory and/or cardiovascular factors. METHODS: Ten males performed three trials involving 90min steady state cycling (SS) (62% VO2max) in the heat (32.1±0.9°C, 40±2.4% relative humidity) followed by a 4kJ/kg body mass time trial (TT). During [...]
PURPOSE: This work combines and reanalyzes 5 yr of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) research at 161-km ultramarathons in northern California with primary purposes to define the relationship between postrace blood sodium concentration ([Na]) and change in body weight; to examine the interactions among EAH incidence, ambient temperature, and hydration state; and to explore the effect of [...]