Diarrhoea in the critically ill

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to update the knowledge on diarrhoea, a common problem in critically ill patients. Epidemiological data will be discussed, with special emphasis on diarrhoea in tube-fed patients and during antibiotic therapy. The possible preventive and therapeutic measures will be presented. RECENT FINDINGS: The need for concise definitions of diarrhoea was recently re-emphasized. The use [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:20:40+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Documentos científicos, Regulation of water and electrolyte balance|Comentarios desactivados en Diarrhoea in the critically ill

INCREASING SODIUM INTAKE FROM A PREVIOUS LOW OR HIGH INTAKE AFFECTS WATER, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASE BALANCE DIFFERENTLY.

Contrasting data are published on the effects of high salt intake (between 300 and 660 mmol/d) on Na balance and fluid retention. In some studies high levels of NaCl intake (400, 440, 550 and 660 mmol/d) led to positive Na balances without fluid retention. To test the relevance of different baseline NaCl intake levels on [...]

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor inhibits dehydration-enhanced fever induced by endotoxin in rats.

It has been reported that a host develops a marked fever under dehydrated conditions compared with normally hydrated conditions (11). The present study was carried out to investigate whether ANG II is involved in the enhancement seen in dehydrated rats of the fever induced by bacterial endotoxin. The results showed that intravenous injection of bacterial [...]

ALTERATION OF ENDOTOXIN FEVER AND RELEASE OF ARGININE VASOPRESSIN BY DEHYDRATION IN THE GUINEA PIG

Arginine vasopressin (AVP), synthesized in hypothalamic neurons, is transported in axons either to the pituitary for release into the circulation or to different brain areas. In our previous experiments we documented central antipyretic AVP pathways from the hypothalamus to the ventrolateral septal area in the limbic system. In the present study we investigated if osmotic [...]

THE EFFECT OF BEVERAGE CARBONATION ON SENSORY RESPONSES AND VOLUNTARY FLUID INTAKE FOLLOWING EXERCISE

The effects of carbonated beverages on sensory acceptability and voluntary fluid intake after exercise were examined. The level of carbonation in a 6% carbohydrate (CHO) electrolyte drink was systematically varied (0, 1.1, 2.3, and 3.0 volumes of CO2), and its impact was assessed in 52 adults following 30 min of exercise. The perception of carbonation [...]