BACKGROUND & AIMS: Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for the estimation of total body water (TBW) has advantages over isotope dilution techniques, including cost, portability, and ease of use. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of a BIS device (Imp SFB7) for tracking changes in overfat and obese individuals. METHODS: Sixty overfat [...]
In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a theory-based psychological implementation intention strategy on the volume and frequency of intake of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution by participants engaged in submaximal exercise. Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to an implementation intention or control condition. Participants assigned to the implementation intention condition were required to write down [...]
BACKGROUND: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive rapid and simple bedside technique that can be used to predict total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW) and identify altered fluid distribution following critical illness. METHODS: An equivalence study of BIA in 32 hospitalized elderly patients was compared with reference standard dilutional [...]
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hydration status on pacing of trail runners in the heat (wet bulb globe temperature = 26.2 +/- 1.8 degrees C). A randomized, crossover design was used and the participation occurred within a 2-week period. Seventeen competitive, well-trained distance runners (9 men, 8 women, age [...]
Contrasting data are published on the effects of high salt intake (between 300 and 660 mmol/d) on Na balance and fluid retention. In some studies high levels of NaCl intake (400, 440, 550 and 660 mmol/d) led to positive Na balances without fluid retention. To test the relevance of different baseline NaCl intake levels on [...]
Professional boxing is a combat sport categorized into a series of weight classes. Given the sport's underpinning culture, boxers' typical approach to "making weight" is usually via severe acute and/or chronic energy restriction and dehydration. Such practices have implications for physical performance and also carry health risks. This article provides a case-study account outlining a [...]
AIM: This paper describes the findings of a descriptive study about what nurses do to ensure that older people with dementia have adequate hydration. BACKGROUND: Frail nursing home residents, particularly those who cannot accurately communicate their thirst as a result of Alzheimer's disease and who depend on nursing staff for their fluid intake, are at [...]
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the drinking behavior of the participants in a multi-day mountain bike (MTB) cross-country competition, to monitor its effect on the body's fluid compartments and body mass, and to evaluate the prevalence of exercise-associated dysnatremia. DESIGN: Descriptive field study. SETTING: The Jeantex Bike Transalp Competition 2008 (8 stages; 665.40 km; 21 691 m [...]
BACKGROUND: The study investigators conducted a vigorous screening protocol for delirium in rural long-term care (LTC) facilities for a period of 28 days focusing on Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and other hydration parameters as risk factors. METHODS: A two-stage cluster sampling procedure was used to randomly select participants (n = 313) from 13 LTC facilities [...]
Hyponatraemia is a commonly encountered electrolyte abnormality in hospitalised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The fact that most cases of hyponatraemia are the result of water imbalance rather than sodium imbalance underscores the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the pathophysiology. Hyponatraemia can be classified according to the measured plasma osmolality [...]