PURPOSE: In healthy children who exercise in the heat, the addition of flavor, carbohydrate, and 18 mmol x L(-1) NaCl to water induced a major increase in voluntary drink intake compared with the intake of unflavored water. This increase was sufficient to prevent voluntary dehydration. We hypothesized that, to achieve a similar effect in children [...]
Residents of the Negev desert in Israel sustain a mild state of dehydration. Low, concentrated urine outputs, high incidence of kidney diseases and high hematocrit ratios characterize this population. Educational programs to increase the awareness of the population to the dangers of dehydration have undoubtedly failed. It was our purpose to see whether forced increased [...]
No abstract available.
A high incidence rate of urinary tract cancer in the Acre District among the Jewish population compared with the non-Jewish population has been studied. The dietary and environmental factors identified and the possible mechanisms of the protective effect that may be conferred by fluid intake, olives and olive oil, cumin, and pepper (chili pepper and [...]
Inactivity causes profound deleterious changes. We investigated in eight healthy men the impact of a 42-day head-down bed rest (HDBR) on energy and water metabolism and their interrelationships with body composition (BC) and catabolic and anabolic hormones. Total energy expenditure (TEE), total body water, water turnover, and metabolic water formation were assessed by the doubly [...]
Investigation of micturition and drinking habits in urban (n = 475) and rural (n = 156) working populations demonstrated less frequent micturition, decreased fluid intake, and a higher urine concentration in the urban as compared to the rural group. All these differences were significant (P less than .01) by multivariate analysis, adjusting for age and [...]
This population-based case-control study reports on the relationship between fluid intake and the incidence of bladder cancer among 262 bladder cancer cases from Western Washington and 405 controls identified through random-digit dialing Cases were identified from the Surveillance. Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry and were diagnosed between January 1987 and June 1990. All eligible [...]
Dehydration is known to decrease orthostatic tolerance and cause tachycardia, but little is known about the cardiovascular control mechanisms involved. To test the hypothesis that arterial baroreflex sensitivity increases during exercise-induced dehydration, we assessed arterial baroreflex responsiveness in 13 healthy subjects (protocol 1) at baseline (PRE-EX) and 1 h after (EX-DEH) 90 min of exercise [...]
No abstract available.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of hypohydration and fluid replacement on tolerance to an uncompensable heat stress. Eight healthy young males completed a matrix of six trials in an environmental chamber, set at 40 degrees C and 30% relative humidity, while wearing nuclear, biological, and chemical protective clothing. Subjects [...]