enero 2013 – Página 19 – Cátedra Internacional de Estudios Avanzados en Hidratación

Dehydration in hospital-admitted stroke patients: detection, frequency, and association.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the frequency of dehydration, risk factors, and associations with outcomes at hospital discharge after stroke.METHODS:nWe linked clinical data from stroke patients in 2 prospective hospital registers with routine blood urea and creatinine results. Dehydration was defined by a blood urea-to-creatinine ratio >80. RESULTS:nOf 2591 patients registered, 1606 (62%) [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Documentos científicos, Hydration status: effects on physiology and metabolism|Comentarios desactivados

Recovering urine from diapers: are test results accurate?

Abstract not available

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:20:42+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Water: a neglected nutrient in the young child? A South African perspective

WaterÂ is considered an essentialÂ nutrientÂ because the body cannot produce enoughÂ waterÂ itself, by metabolism of food, to fulfil its need. When the quantity or quality ofÂ waterÂ is inadequate, health problems result, most notably dehydration and diarrhoea. As a result of contaminatedÂ waterÂ and poor hygiene, related infections are still a serious problem. Indeed, in theSouthÂ AfricanÂ settingÂ waterÂ availability and sanitation are critical issues because [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Behaviour: knowledge, understanding and attitudes of the population, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Fluid balance in elderly patients following stroke.

We studied the relationship between plasma osmolality, arginine vasopressin (AVP), andÂ fluidÂ input inÂ patientsÂ during the acute phase of a firstÂ stroke. Fifteen consecutiveÂ patientsÂ were studied (median age 79) and their blood sampled on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14. Plasma osmolality was related toÂ fluidÂ input over days 0-3 (p = 0.0013) and AVP over 14 days (p less [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:20:42+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Diarrhoea in the critically ill

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to update the knowledge onÂ diarrhoea, a common problem inÂ critically illÂ patients. Epidemiological data will be discussed, with special emphasis onÂ diarrhoeaÂ in tube-fed patients and during antibiotic therapy. The possible preventive and therapeutic measures will be presented. RECENT FINDINGS: The need for concise definitions ofÂ diarrhoeaÂ was recently re-emphasized. The use [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:20:40+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Documentos científicos, Regulation of water and electrolyte balance|Comentarios desactivados

Comparison of 3 methods to assess urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability and validity of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips in assessing urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers. DESIGN AND SETTING: We assessed the reliability of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips between 2 trials and among 4 testers. The validity of hydrometry and reagent strips was assessed by comparison with refractometry, the [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Comparison between normal saline and a polyelectrolyte solution for fluid resuscitation in severely dehydrated infants with acute diarrhoea

The optimal intravenousÂ solutionÂ for rehydration ofÂ infantsÂ and children with severe dehydration is debated. AIM: The aim was to compare the efficacy of aÂ polyelectrolyteÂ solutionÂ (group PS) with sodium chloride 0.9%Â solutionÂ (group NS) in rapid parenteral rehydration ofÂ severelyÂ dehydratedÂ infantsÂ withÂ acuteÂ diarrhoea. METHODS: Primary outcomes were volume and time to hydration. Secondary outcomes were urea, creatinine, electrolytes, glucose, arterial pH and bicarbonate levels. Patients were [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:20:40+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Children, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Urine test strips: how reproducible are readings?

In an experiment, multiple reagentÂ testÂ stripsÂ from 90Â urineÂ samples were examined twice: observed visually by one of two persons and analyzed by spectrophotometry. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were calculated and expressed as Cohen's K. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were moderate to good, but lower than one might expect. Enhancing discoloration of theÂ testÂ pads could improve reproducibility. FULL-TEXT AVAILABRLE IN [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Dipstick measurements of urine specific gravity are unreliable.

AIM:To evaluate the reliability ofÂ dipstickÂ measurementsÂ ofÂ urineÂ specificÂ gravityÂ (U-SG). METHODS: FreshÂ urineÂ specimens were tested forÂ urineÂ pH and osmolality (U-pH, U-Osm) by a pH meter and an osmometer, and for U-SG by three different methods (refractometry, automatic readout of aÂ dipstickÂ (Clinitek-50), and (visual) change of colour of theÂ dipstick). RESULTS: The correlations between the visual U-SGÂ dipstickÂ measurementsÂ and U-SG determined by a refractometer and the comparison [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:20:41+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados

Clinical and physical signs for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of state, minimally invasive clinical and physical signs (or sets of signs) to be used as screening tests for detecting impending or current water-loss dehydration, or both, in older people by systematically reviewing [...]

By CIEAH - ICASH|2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados