Body mass changes during ultra-endurance performances have been described for running, cycling and for swimming in a heated pool. The present field study of 20 male and 11 female open-water swimmers investigated the changes in body composition and hydration status during an ultra-endurance event. Body mass, both estimated fat mass and skeletal muscle mass, haematocrit, [...]
Background: Early identification and treatment of dehydration is prudent in patients requiring home parenteral nutrition (HPN) or home intravenous fluids (HIVF) to prevent hospital admissions for dehydration. Our home nutrition support service (HNS) developed a protocol in 2010 to provide additional bags of HIVF to be kept on hand for immediate use in patients identified [...]
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the effects of progressive dehydration on the time course of changes to whole body substrate oxidation and skeletal muscle metabolism during 120 min of cycling in hydrated females. METHODS: Subjects (n=9) cycled for 120 min at ∼65% VO2peak on two occasions: with no fluid (DEH) and with fluid replacement to match [...]
Equivocal findings have been reported in the few studies that examined the impact of ambient temperature (T (a)) and hypohydration on cognition and dynamic balance. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of acute exposure to a range of ambient temperatures (T (a) 10-40 °C) in euhydration (EUH) and hypohydration (HYP) states on [...]
As the number of youth sports participants continues to rise over the past decade, so too have sports related injuries and emergency department visits. With low levels of oversight and regulation observed in youth sports, the responsibility for safety education of coaches, parents, law makers, organizations and institutions falls largely on the sports medicine practitioner. [...]
PURPOSE: Dry axilla can sometimes be found among dehydrated older patients. In this study, we measured the axillary moisture and assessed it as possible marker for dehydration. METHODS: Twenty-nine older patients admitted with acute medical conditions participated in this study. Dehydration was diagnosed by the calculated serum osmolality of greater than 295mOsm/L. The moisture of [...]
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reliability and validity of a previously derived clinical dehydration scale (CDS) in a cohort of children with gastroenteritis and evidence of dehydration. METHODS: Participants were 226 children older than 3 months who presented to a tertiary care emergency department and required intravenous rehydration. Reliability was assessed at treatment initiation, by comparing [...]
Chronic kidney disease is common and associated with significant morbidity. Given the high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease, it is important to identify and treat related risk factors. However, there is growing uncertainty about the benefits of some recommended treatment targets.The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality [...]
BACKGROUND: Muscle contraction during short intervals of intense exercise causes oxidative stress, which can play a role in the development of overtraining symptoms, including increased fatigue, resulting in muscle microinjury or inflammation. Recently it has been said that hydrogen can function as antioxidant, so we investigated the effect of hydrogen-rich water (HW) on oxidative stress [...]
OBJECTIVE: To describe injuries and illnesses presented and profile mood states and sleep patterns during a desert environment ultramarathon. DESIGN: Prospective study gathering data on mood states and injury patterns. SETTING:: Gobi Desert, Mongolia. PARTICIPANTS: Eleven male competitors (mean mass 83.7 ± 7.1 kg; body mass index 24 ± 1.79 kg/m, age: 33 ± 11 [...]