No matter how mild, dehydration is not a desirable condition because there is an imbalance in the homeostatic function of the internal environment. This can adversely affect cognitive performance, not only in groups more vulnerable to dehydration, such as children and the elderly, but also in young adults. However, few studies have examined the impact [...]
By reviewing the literature on the subject, this article examines whether continuous deep sedation without hydration--in the context of palliative care for patients with advanced cancer at the end of life--could be seen as a moral and clinical equivalent of so-called "slow euthanasia". It focuses on length of survival, fluid retention and thirst, and reviews [...]
This study investigated the effects of progressive mild dehydration during cycling on whole body substrate oxidation and skeletal muscle metabolism in recreationally active men. Subjects (n=9) cycled for 120 min at ~65% VO2peak (22.7°C, 32% RH) with water to replace sweat losses (HYD) or without fluid (DEH). Blood samples were taken at rest and every [...]
AIMS: Although patients with heart failure (HF) may suffer from severe thirst, this has received little attention in scientific studies. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify and analyse data on thirst in HF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pubmed, Cochrane, Cinahl, and Medline databases were searched for original studies on patients with HF with thirst [...]
Studies have shown that divers may lose large volumes of body fluids in hot water suit (HWS) dives lasting for four hours or longer, and that this dehydration is mainly caused by sweating. Body fluid balance may be impaired and the diver's alertness and power of judgement could be influenced by such imbalance. The main [...]
Water balance control is aimed at normalizing cellular hydration, and sodium balance control at normalizing extracellular volume. Water balance control is based on the regulation of body fluid tonicity, while the control of sodium balance is based on the regulation of effective arterial volume. Disorders of water balance act on cellular hydration: primary disorders induce [...]
Vitamin D(3) has been called the "sunshine" vitamin since the formation of vitamin D is mediated by exposure to sunlight. Vitamin D(3) is linked to many health benefits, however serum levels of vitamin D(3) have been decreasing over the last few decades and the lower levels of vitamin D(3) may have consequences on normal physiology. [...]
The purpose of this article is to review the effects of chronic mild dehydration and fluid consumption on specific health outcomes including obesity. The electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published from the time of their inception to 2011, with results restricted to studies performed on human subjects and reports [...]
Research has shown that water supplementation positively affects cognitive performance in children and adults. The present study considered whether this could be a result of expectancies that individuals have about the effects of water on cognition. Forty seven participants were recruited and told the study was examining the effects of repeated testing on cognitive performance. [...]
What is already known about this subject: Few studies addressing the relationship between food consumption and cardiovascular disease or metabolic risk have been conducted in children. Previous findings have indicated greater metabolic risk in children with high intakes of solid hydrogenated fat and white bread, and low consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products. What [...]