A child with dehydration and severe hypernatraemia.
No abstract available.
A prospective clinical study of patients with hypernatraemic dehydration.
In a clinical prospective 3-year study of 158 children aged 2 weeks to 14 years with hypernatraemic dehydration (serum sodium 150 mmol/l or more), infants predominated (61.4%). The 158 children with hypernatraemia accounted for 13.7% of all children admitted with gastroenteritis over the same period, and significant aetiological factors included the use of artificial feeds, [...]
Hydration during exercise. Effects on thermal and cardiovascular adjustments.
Five young unacclimatised subjects were exposed for 4 h at 34 degrees C (10 degrees C dew-point temperature and 0.6 m X s-1 air velocity), while exercising on a bicycle ergometer: 25 min work--5 min rest cycles for 2 hours followed by 20 min work--10 min rest cycles for two further hours. 5 experimental sessions [...]
Dehydration: hazards and benefits.
Dehydration is a serious risk for elders because total body water decreases with age, aging kidneys are less able to concentrate urine, and the sensation of thirst decreases. Geriatric nurses traditionally have assessed for dehydration, but its signs are difficult to detect in many patients. Instead, nurses, assistive personnel, and family members must work to [...]
How valid are clinical signs of dehydration in infants?
Our objective was to determine the ability of several clinical signs of dehydration to distinguish among degrees of dehydration in infants with acute diarrhea. The design was a prospective cohort study in a pediatric referral hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Infant boys, 3-18 months old, with a history of acute diarrhea (5 or more watery stools [...]
Water status of breastfed infants during weaning in Yazd, Iran.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the state of hydration in infants during the weaning period in dry and hot climates in the center of Iran. METHODS: Using a refractometer, 162 urine specific gravity (USG) was measured from 400 infants, between 4 to 6 months old. They were chosen among infants who visited the primary clinics in the [...]
Early onset of hypernatraemic dehydration and fever in exclusively breast-fed infants.
Five cases of moderately severe hypernatraemic dehydration were identified within a 5-month period between two regional hospitals in Hong Kong. Unlike previous reported cases, these exclusively breast-fed infants presented with the unusual triad of fever, absence of overt signs of dehydration and within the first week of life. Three of the cases also had high [...]
The importance of good hydration for work and exercise performance.
This review covers published literature on the influence of whole-body hydration status on exercise performance. The majority of information in this area relates to endurance exercise performance, but information on power, strength, and sporting skills has also been investigated. These areas form the focus of the current review. It is apparent that some individuals can [...]
Disorders of water and salt metabolism associated with pituitary disease.
Disorders of water and sodium homeostasis are very common problems encountered in clinical medicine. Disorders of water metabolism are divided into hyperosmolar and hypoosmolar states, with hyperosmolar disorders characterized by a deficit of body water in relation to body solute and hypoosmolar disorders characterized by an excess of body water in relation to total body [...]
Acute pancreatitis secondary to dehydration: case report and review of the literature.
Recent reports have documented the potentially catastrophic consequences of dehydration induced by vigorous exercise in otherwise healthy individuals. A case of acute pancreatitis secondary to exercise-induced dehydration is presented, and the literature of dehydration-induced syndromes, both research and clinical, is reviewed. The goal of this case report is to heighten awareness of dehydration as a [...]