The renal and vasopressin (AVP) response to a standard oral water load (20 ml/kg) was examined in a group of water-replete healthy elderly men (n = 6). Two groups, respectively, of water-replete and water-deprived young healthy volunteers acted as controls. After 2 h, the old group had excreted 41 +/- 2.4% (mean +/- SEM) of [...]
This study investigated the individual and combined effects of water and carbohydrate ingestion during prolonged cycling on maximal neuromuscular power (P(max)), thermoregulation, cardiovascular function, and metabolism. Eight endurance-trained cyclists exercised for 122 min at 62% maximal oxygen uptake in a 35 degrees C environment (50% relative humidity, 2 m/s fan speed). P(max) was measured in [...]
Although the results of this study provide too limited a database for establishing definitive guidelines for practice, they underscore the need for critical care nurses to focus observations on patients' responses to iced fluid restriction. It is important to determine whether and to what extent limiting ingestion of iced fluids induces patient stress, a factor [...]
Two studies were performed to determine the quantitative relationship between salt intake and urinary volume (U(v)) in humans. In study 1, 104 untreated hypertensives were studied on the fifth day of a high- and a low-salt diet. The 24-hour U(v) was 2.2 L (urinary sodium [U(Na)] 277 mmol) on the high-salt diet and decreased to [...]
No abstract available.
The availability of carbohydrate (CHO) as a substrate for the exercising muscles is known to be a limiting factor in the performance of prolonged cycle exercise, and provision of exogenous CHO in the form of glucose can increase endurance capacity. The present study examined the effects of ingestion of fluids and of CHO in different [...]
No abstract available.
Thermoregulation during exposure to hot or cold environments differs between children and adults. Many physical and physiological changes occur during growth and maturation that can affect thermoregulation during rest as well as during exercise. Thus, physical as well as physiological differences between children and adults may explain the different response to thermal stress. The main [...]
No abstract available.