The effect of dietary supplements of sugar-cane fiber (bagasse), on stool weight, solids, and water content were studied in normal ambulant volunteers over a 9-mo period; a second inpatient study was done with bran supplements. The addition on 10.5 g of bagasse containing 5.1 g of crude fiber to a normal diet containing 3.7 g [...]
The formation of SCFA in rats fed fermented oat fibre concentrates was compared with that of rats fed native oat fibre concentrate. The cultures used were lactic acid bacteria consisting of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus (V2), the exopolysaccharide-producing strain Pediococcus damnosus 2.6 (Pd) and L. reuteri (Lr). The materials were incorporated into test diets [...]
No abstract available.
Body water deficits or hypohydration (HYP) may degrade cognitive performance during heat exposure and perhaps temperate conditions. Cold exposure often induces HYP, but the combined effects of cold and HYP on cognitive performance are unknown. This study investigated whether HYP degrades cognitive performance during cold exposure and if physical exercise could mitigate any cold-induced performance [...]
We have developed methodology to simultaneously measure fluid redistribution among the major compartments during moderate and severe hypohydration. Total body water (TBW) was determined using tritiated water, extracellular fluid volume (ECF) was measured using a single-injection [14C]inulin technique, and plasma volume (PV) was determined by indocyanine green dye dilution. Moderate (10% decrease in body wt) [...]
No abstract available.
This study was conducted in 4 villages in India during the hottest and driest season of the year to determine whether exclusively breast-fed infants need additional water under extremely hot and dry climatic conditions. The ambient temperature was 35-40 degrees C and the relative humidity 10-35%, except during the early morning hours. 63 urine samples [...]
Beyond the age of 30, kidney size begins to decrease, and there are accompanying decreases in total renal blood flow, outer cortical flow, glomerular filtration rate and the ability both to conserve and to excrete sodium. There is also a decline in concentrating ability and possibly in diluting ability. These changes make the elderly patient [...]
No abstract available.