Effect of aging on regional cerebral blood flow responses associated with osmoticthirst and its satiation by water drinking: a PET study.

Levels of thirst and ad libitum drinking decrease with advancing age, making older people vulnerable to dehydration. This study investigated age-related changes in brain responses to thirst and drinking in healthy men. Thirst was induced with hypertonic infusions (3.1 ml/kg 0.51M NaCl) in young (Y) and older (O) subjects. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with positron emission tomography (PET). Thirst activations were identified by correlating rCBF with thirst ratings. Average rCBF was measured from regions [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:19:10+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Effect of aging on regional cerebral blood flow responses associated with osmoticthirst and its satiation by water drinking: a PET study.

Effects of athletes’ muscle mass on urinary markers of hydration status.

To determine if athletes' muscle mass affects the usefulness of urine specific gravity (U(sg)) as a hydration index. Nine rugby players and nine endurance runners differing in the amount of muscle mass (42 +/- 6 vs. 32 +/- 3 kg, respectively; P = 0.0002) were recruited. At waking during six consecutive days, urine was collected [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:19:29+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Effects of athletes’ muscle mass on urinary markers of hydration status.

Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans.

To determine how the sodium content of ingested fluids affects drinking and the restoration of the body fluid compartments after dehydration, we studied six subjects during 4 h of recovery from 90-110 min of a heat [36 degrees C, less than 30% relative humidity (rh)] and exercise (40% maximal aerobic power) exposure, which caused body [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:19:11+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans.

Effect of preexercise electrolyte ingestion on fluid balance in men and women.

PURPOSE: This article aimed to study the effect of preexercise ingestion of an electrolyte-containing beverage and meal on fluid balance during exercise in men and women. METHODS: Twenty healthy, college-aged people (10 males, 10 females; mean +/- SD = 51.2 +/- 9.8 mL x kg x min(-1)) exercised at 58 +/- 4% V O 2 peak for 90 min, 45 min after ingesting 355 mL of [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:19:11+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Effect of preexercise electrolyte ingestion on fluid balance in men and women.

“Skeletal Muscle Strength and Endurance are Maintained during Moderate Dehydration.”

This study investigated the effects of moderate dehydration (~2.5% body weight) on muscle strength and endurance using percutaneous electrical stimulation to quantify central and peripheral fatigue, and isolate the combined effects of exercise-heat stress and dehydration, vs. the effect of dehydration alone. Force production and voluntary activation were calculated in 10 males during 1 brief [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:19:30+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en “Skeletal Muscle Strength and Endurance are Maintained during Moderate Dehydration.”

Comparison of 3 methods to assess urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability and validity of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips in assessing  urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers. DESIGN AND SETTING: We assessed the reliability of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips between 2 trials and among 4 testers. The validity of hydrometry and reagent strips was assessed by comparison with refractometry, the [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Comparison of 3 methods to assess urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers.

Effects of solution osmolality on absorption of select fluid replacement solutionsin human duodenojejunum.

These experiments examined relationships between initial osmolality and carbohydrate (CHO) composition of an infused solution and osmolality and water and CHO absorption in a test segment. A triple-lumen tube with a 10-cm mixing segment and a 40-cm test segment was passed into the duodenojejunum. The infusion port was approximately 10 cm beyond the pyloric sphincter. [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Effects of solution osmolality on absorption of select fluid replacement solutionsin human duodenojejunum.

Urine test strips: how reproducible are readings?

In an experiment, multiple reagent test strips from 90 urine samples were examined twice: observed visually by one of two persons and analyzed by spectrophotometry. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were calculated and expressed as Cohen's K. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were moderate to good, but lower than one might expect. Enhancing discoloration of the test pads could improve reproducibility. FULL-TEXT AVAILABRLE IN [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Urine test strips: how reproducible are readings?

Volume repletion after exercise-induced volume depletion in humans: replacement of water and sodium losses.

Sodium and water loss during, and replacement after, exercise-induced volume depletion was investigated in six volunteers volume depleted by 1.89 +/- 0.17% (SD) of body mass by intermittent exercise in a warm, humid environment. Subjects exercised in a large, open plastic bag, allowing collection of all sweat secreted during exercise. For over 60 min beginning [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Volume repletion after exercise-induced volume depletion in humans: replacement of water and sodium losses.

Clinical and physical signs for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of state, minimally invasive clinical and physical signs (or sets of signs) to be used as screening tests for detecting impending or current water-loss dehydration, or both, in older people by systematically reviewing [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Clinical and physical signs for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people