Fluid balance in elderly patients following stroke.

We studied the relationship between plasma osmolality, arginine vasopressin (AVP), and fluid input in patients during the acute phase of a first stroke. Fifteen consecutive patients were studied (median age 79) and their blood sampled on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14. Plasma osmolality was related to fluid input over days 0-3 (p = 0.0013) and AVP over 14 days (p less [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:20:42+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Fluid balance in elderly patients following stroke.

Comparison of 3 methods to assess urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability and validity of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips in assessing  urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers. DESIGN AND SETTING: We assessed the reliability of refractometry, hydrometry, and reagent strips between 2 trials and among 4 testers. The validity of hydrometry and reagent strips was assessed by comparison with refractometry, the [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:04+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Comparison of 3 methods to assess urine specific gravity in collegiate wrestlers.

Urine test strips: how reproducible are readings?

In an experiment, multiple reagent test strips from 90 urine samples were examined twice: observed visually by one of two persons and analyzed by spectrophotometry. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were calculated and expressed as Cohen's K. Interobserver and intra-observer agreement were moderate to good, but lower than one might expect. Enhancing discoloration of the test pads could improve reproducibility. FULL-TEXT AVAILABRLE IN [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Urine test strips: how reproducible are readings?

Clinical and physical signs for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of state, minimally invasive clinical and physical signs (or sets of signs) to be used as screening tests for detecting impending or current water-loss dehydration, or both, in older people by systematically reviewing [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Clinical and physical signs for identification of impending and current water-loss dehydration in older people

Hydration in acute stroke: where do we go from here?

Objectives: to examine current practice with regard to hydration in acute stroke (part 1) to identify problem areas, to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention package (part 2). Design: prospective, repeated measures, between subjects Setting: a district general hospital. Participants: consecutive admissions with an acute stroke. Part 1 involved 30 patients, 14 of whom were [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Hydration in acute stroke: where do we go from here?

Dipstick measurements of urine specific gravity are unreliable.

AIM:To evaluate the reliability of dipstick measurements of urine specific gravity (U-SG). METHODS: Fresh urine specimens were tested for urine pH and osmolality (U-pH, U-Osm) by a pH meter and an osmometer, and for U-SG by three different methods (refractometry, automatic readout of a dipstick (Clinitek-50), and (visual) change of colour of the dipstick). RESULTS: The correlations between the visual U-SG dipstick measurements and U-SG determined by a refractometer and the comparison [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:20:41+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Dipstick measurements of urine specific gravity are unreliable.

Assessing hydration status.

PURPOSE:Understanding the importance of euhydration in humans in order to ensure good health in various situations, the purpose of this review is to examine the available techniques in assessing hydration status. RECENT FINDINGS: During the past 20 years, many indices have been developed to assess hydration levels accurately in humans. Changes in body weight, haematological and urine parameters, bioelectrical impedance, [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:20:41+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Assessing hydration status.

Sex difference of urinary osmolality in German children.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Origin of sex difference in urinary osmolality. METHODS: In 495 healthy children aged 4.0-14.9 years participating in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) study (247 boys, 248 girls), the water intake recorded in 24-hour weighed dietary records along with urinary volume, osmolality and free water reserve in 24-hour urine samples from the same day as the dietary record were determined. RESULTS: Boys showed [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:20:41+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Sex difference of urinary osmolality in German children.

Metabolic and thermodynamic responses to dehydration-induced reductions in muscle blood flow in exercising humans

1. The present study examined whether reductions in muscle blood flow with exercise-induced dehydration would reduce substrate delivery and metabolite and heat removal to and from active skeletal muscles during prolonged exercise in the heat. A second aim was to examine the effects of dehydration on fuel utilisation across the exercising leg and identify factors related to fatigue. 2. Seven cyclists performed two [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:05+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en Metabolic and thermodynamic responses to dehydration-induced reductions in muscle blood flow in exercising humans

INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND BODY COMPOSITION ON HYDRATION AND BODY WATER SPACES

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hydration disorders are frequent in clinical practice and can be a life threatening issue in frail patients. Mild dehydration (1-2% loss of body weight) appears to impair cognitive and muscular performance. There is, however, no infallible indicator of correct hydration, and of hydration disorders. This study aim at describing total body water [...]

By |2017-05-21T03:21:26+00:00enero 31st, 2013|Assessment methodologies, Documentos científicos|Comentarios desactivados en INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND BODY COMPOSITION ON HYDRATION AND BODY WATER SPACES