The marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children: Setting the research agenda.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23220356
Saliva indices track hypohydration during 48h of fluid restriction or combined fluid andenergy restriction.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (UFR) and osmolality (Sosm) track changes in hydration status during 48h of restricted fluid intake (RF) or combined fluid and energy restriction (RF+RE). Following the 48h periods, UFR and Sosm were assessed after acute exercise dehydration and rehydration. DESIGN: Thirteen healthy males completed three trials in a randomised order: control (CON) where participants received their estimated energy (12,154+/-230kJ/d: mean+/-S.E.M) and fluid (3912+/-140ml/d) [...]
Saliva parameters as potential indices of hydratio status during acute dehydration.
PURPOSE: Firstly, to identify whether saliva flow rate, osmolality, and total protein are potential markers of hydration, we compared changes in these parameters with changes in plasma osmolality during progressive dehydration. Secondly, we compared the sensitivity of saliva parameters to track hydration changes with the sensitivity of urine osmolality. Thirdly, to test the hypothesis thatdehydration, rather than neuroendocrine regulation, is responsible for the decrease in saliva flow rate during prolonged [...]
Application of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis method for the detection of dehydration status in professional divers.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE. The level of dehydration has been known to be a predisposing factor for the development of decompression sickness in divers. The aim of this study was to determine the level of dehydration in divers who dove with heliox and to determine whether the source of this dehydration was intracellular and/or extracellular by [...]
Too little water or too much: hyponatremia due to excess fluid intake
Hyponatremia associated with diarrhea is usually caused by dehydration, with salt loss accompanying the excessive loss of water. On the other hand, hyponatremia in this setting can occasionally be caused by excess ingestion or administration of hypotonic fluids (1, 2). In this report, we describe the differential diagnosis of hyponatremia in an infant.
The Impact of Ramadan Observance upon Athletic Performance
Ramadan observance requires a total abstention from food and drink from sunrise to sunset for a period of one month. Such intermittent fasting has only minor effects upon the overall nutrition and physiological responses of the general sedentary population. Larger meals are consumed at night and in the early morning. Body mass usually remains unchanged, [...]
Fluid balance of elite female basketball players before and during game play
This study determined the fluid balance of elite female basketball players before and during competition. Before and during two international games seventeen national level players (age: 24.2 ± 3 y; height: 180.5 ± 6 cm; mass: 78.8 ± 8 kg) were assessed. Fluid balance assessment included pregame hydration level as determined by urine specific gravity [...]
Detection of Dehydration by Using Volume Kinetics.
Background: Patients admitted to surgery may be dehydrated, which is difficult to diagnose except when it is severe (>5% of the body weight). We hypothesized that modest dehydration can be detected by kinetic analysis of the blood hemoglobin concentration after a bolus infusion of crystalloid fluid.Methods:Four series of experiments were performed on 10 conscious, healthy [...]
Hydration and performance during Ramadan.
In the absence of any food or fluid intake during the hours of daylight during the month of Ramadan, a progressive loss of body water will occur over the course of each day, though these losses can be completely replaced each night. Large body water deficits will impair both physical and cognitive performance. The point [...]
Problem: thirst, drinking behavior, and involuntary dehydration.
The phenomenon of involuntary dehydration, the delay in full restoration of a body water deficit by drinking, has been described extensively but relatively little is known about its physiological mechanism. It occurs primarily in humans when they are exposed to various stresses including exercise, environmental heat and cold, altitude, water immersion, dehydration, and perhaps microgravity, singly and in various [...]