Dehydration can impair mental and on-field performance in soccer athletes; however, there is little data available from the female adolescent player. There is a lack of research investigating fluid and electrolyte losses in cool temperatures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the pretraining hydration status, fluid balance, and sweat sodium loss in [...]
The phenomenon of involuntary dehydration, the delay in full restoration of a body water deficit by drinking, has been described extensively but relatively little is known about its physiological mechanism. It occurs primarily in humans when they are exposed to various stresses including exercise, environmental heat and cold, altitude, water immersion, dehydration, and perhaps microgravity, singly and in various [...]
We investigated whether an athlete's self-chosen nutrition strategy (A), compared with a scientifically determined one (S), led to an improved endurance performance in a laboratory time trial after an endurance exercise. S consisted of about 1000 mL·h(-1) fluid, in portions of 250 mL every 15 min, 0.5 g sodium·L(-1), 60 g glucose·h(-1), 30 g fructose·h(-1), and 5 mg caffeine·kg body mass(-1). Eighteen [...]
BACKGROUND. Despite the importance of hydration, limited research has been undertaken in Arabic populations. METHODS: Study 1: 88 adult military cadets and 32 school-based adolescents provided five sequential daily mid-morning urine samples. Hydration thresholds were produced using percentiles of estimated urine osmolality (Uosm) and urine color (Ucol). Study 2: 120 military cadets and 52 adolescents [...]
BACKGROUND. Beverage palatability is known to influence fluid consumption during exercise and may positively influence hydration status and help to prevent fatigue, heat illness and decreased performance. PURPOSE: The aims of this review were to evaluate the effect of beverage temperature on fluid intake during exercise and investigate the influence of beverage temperature on palatability. [...]
Objective: It is purported that exercise-induced dehydration (EID), especially if ≥ 2% bodyweight, impairs endurance performance (EP). Field research shows that athletes can achieve outstanding EP while dehydrated > 2% bodyweight. Using the meta-analytic procedure, this study compared the findings of laboratory-based studies that examined the impact of EID upon EP using either ecologically valid [...]
Hypernatremia is common in intensive care units. It has detrimental effects on various physiologic functions and was shown to be an independent risk factor for increased mortality in critically ill patients. Mechanisms of hypernatremia include sodium gain and/or loss of free water and can be discriminated by clinical assessment and urine electrolyte analysis. Because many [...]
The ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine is regarded as a sensitive indicator of renal function.1Â Since concentration tests are easily done, they enjoy wide clinical use. This renal activity is usually studied by measuring urine specific gravity, i.e. the ratio of the weight of urine to an equal volume of water. The specific gravity [...]
Ensuring that the nutrition and hydration needs of patients in hospital are met is part of the nurse's role. Adequate nutrition and hydration is vital for good health, from both a physical and psychological perspective, and should be considered a priority by nurses. Actions required by nurses may include addressing potential barriers and obstacles that [...]
The present study compared the changes in blood viscosity, hydration status, body temperature and heart rate between a group of sickle cell trait (SCT) carriers and a control (Cont) group before and after a soccer game performed in two conditions: one with water offered ad libitum (hydration condition; Hyd) and the other one without water [...]