Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells indehydration.
ABSTRACT NOT FOUND
Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans.
To determine how the sodium content of ingested fluids affects drinking and the restoration of the body fluid compartments after dehydration, we studied six subjects during 4 h of recovery from 90-110 min of a heat [36 degrees C, less than 30% relative humidity (rh)] and exercise (40% maximal aerobic power) exposure, which caused body [...]
Dehydration at admission increased the need for dialysis in hemolytic uremic syndrome children.
BACKGROUND: Oligoanuric forms of postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+ HUS) usually have more severe acute stage and higher risk of chronic sequelae than nonoligoanuric forms. During the diarrheal phase, gastrointestinal losses could lead to dehydration with pre-renal injury enhancing the risk of oligoanuric D+ HUS. Furthermore, it had been shown that intravenous volume expansion during [...]
UTILITY AND LIMITATIONS OF THE TRADITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO HYPONATREMIA: A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY
The differential diagnosis of hyponatremia is often challenging because of its association with multiple underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, diseases, and treatment options. Several algorithms are available to guide the diagnostic approach to hyponatremia, but their diagnostic and clinical utility has never been evaluated. We aimed to assess in detail the diagnostic utility as well as the [...]
Markers of hydration status.
This paper reviews the literature, describes and discusses methods by which whole body hydration status can be determined in humans. A method of determining whether or not an individual is hypohydrated is of particular significance in an exercise situation as even moderate levels of hypohydration have a negative impact on exercise performance. Inspection of the published literature [...]
“The epidemiology of hypernatraemia in hospitalised children in Lothian: a 10-year study showing differences between dehydration, osmoregulatory dysfunction and salt poisoning. “
INTRODUCTION: The relative frequencies of the causes of hypernatraemia in children after the neonatal period are unknown. Salt poisoning and osmoregulatory dysfunction are extremely rare and potentially fatal. In this retrospective 10-year study, the incidence, causes and differential biochemistry of hypernatraemia in children is examined. METHODS: Children with hypernatraemia (sodium ≥150 mmol/litre) aged >2 weeks [...]
Biological variation and diagnostic accuracy of dehydration assessment markers.
BACKGROUND: Well-recognized markers for static (one time) or dynamic (monitoring over time) dehydration assessment have not been rigorously tested for their usefulness in clinical, military, and sports medicine communities. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the components of biological variation and the accuracy of potential markers in plasma, urine, saliva, and body mass (B(m)) for static and dynamic dehydration assessment. DESIGN: We studied 18 healthy volunteers (13 men and 5 [...]
Voluntary dehydration among elementary school children residing in a hot arid environment
BACKGROUND: Voluntary dehydration is a condition where humans do not drink appropriately in the presence of an adequate fluid supply. This may adversely affect their physical and intellectual performance. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of voluntary dehydration among elementary school children of different ethnicities and countries of birth. METHODS: Four hundred and twenty-nine elementary school children; aged 8-10 years; from four subpopulations (Israeli-born Jewish [...]
The effect of Ramadan fasting on various blood and urinary parameters.
ABSTRACT NOT FOUND
Travel-Associated Illness in Older Adults (>60 y).
Background. Older individuals represent a substantial proportion of international travelers. Because of physiological changes and the increased probability of underlying medical conditions, older travelers might be at higher risk for at least some travel-associated diseases. Methods. With the aim of describing the epidemiology of travel-associated diseases in older adults, medical data were prospectively collected on [...]