Although water is essential for life, its use for medicinal purposes is not universally accepted. We performed a comprehensive review of the literature to determine where the evolving state of knowledge lies regarding the benefits of water as a therapy for renal diseases. In the past two decades, water has emerged as a potential therapeutic [...]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of recombinant human hyaluronidase-facilitated subcutaneous (rHFSC) fluid administration compared to intravenous (IV) fluid administration in children with mild to moderate dehydration in the emergency department (ED). METHODS: A decision analytic model was created based on the results of a controlled clinical trial that compared the administration of isotonic fluids via [...]
Haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure and the second leading cause of chronic renal failure in children. The factors that affect incomplete renal function recovery prior to hospital admission are poorly understood. Objective: To analyse the risk factors that determine incomplete recovery of renal function prior to hospitalisation [...]
Chronic kidney disease is common and associated with significant morbidity. Given the high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease, it is important to identify and treat related risk factors. However, there is growing uncertainty about the benefits of some recommended treatment targets.The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality [...]
Extracellular fluid expansion is common in hemodialysis patients. Aggressive fluid removal may lead to intradialytic complications. High dialysate sodium concentrations may lessen complications, but may increase extracellular volume. We hypothesized that decreasing plasma sodium concentration during dialysis will increase sodium removal and decrease extracellular volume. STUDY DESIGN: Pilot clinical trial. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 16 patients [...]
A complete urinalysis includes physical, chemical, and microscopic examinations. Midstream clean collection is acceptable in most situations, but the specimen should be examined within two hours of collection. Cloudy urine often is a result of precipitated phosphate crystals in alkaline urine, but pyuria also can be the cause. A strong odor may be the result [...]
ABSTRACT NOT FOUND
BACKGROUND: With the current practice of using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for the assessment of renal function, serum urea is arguably a redundant test. However, with little evidence, it is purported that urea can be used as a marker to aid in the assessment of hydration status. The aim of this study was to [...]
The outcome of colonoscopy is highly dependent upon the quality of bowel cleansing prior to the procedure. Oral sodium phosphate solutions (OSPS) or preparations containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) are generally employed. However, the safety of administering OSPS prior to colonoscopy has been questioned because of the potential for renal failure. AIM: To compare rates of [...]
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether rates of intestinal fluid absorption and renal diuresis can match high rates of fluid ingestion in healthy humans exposed to oral fluid overload, thereby preventing the development of hyponatraemia either by reverse sodium movement across the intestine (the Priestley-Haldane effect) or by expansion of the extracellular fluid volume. METHODS: Changes in [...]