Aim. Extensive research has been undertaken in the area of exercise and hydration. Most work has focused on prehydration. Less is known about different fluid intake patterns during exercise and its effect in thermoregulatory variables in hot environments. This study attempted to determine if ingesting fluid either in a single bolus or intermittently during exercise [...]
To determine how osmolality of an orally ingested fluid-replacement beverage would alter intestinal fluid absorption from the duodenum and/or jejunum during 85 min of cycle exercise (63.3 +/- 0.9% peak O2 uptake) in a cool environment (22 degreesC), seven subjects (5 men, 2 women, peak O2 uptake = 54.5 +/- 3.8 ml . kg-1 . [...]
CONTEXT: The protective equipment worn during American football has been shown to increase thermal strain; however, the perception of this increased heat has not been examined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perceptual responses of American football players while wearing different uniforms during exercise in the heat and to evaluate how these responses may be used to monitor [...]
CONTEXT: In hot environments, the American football uniform predisposes athletes to exertional heat exhaustion or exercise-induced hyperthermia at the threshold for heat stroke (rectal temperature [T(re)] > 39 degrees C). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differential effects of 2 American football uniform configurations on exercise, thermal, cardiovascular, hematologic, and perceptual responses in a hot, humid environment. [...]
The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasound velocity (UV) to detect changes in the hydration status of wrestlers after undergoing acute dehydration and a 2-hour rehydration period. Forty-seven NCAA wrestlers (mean+/-SEM); age 19.1+/-0.2 years, height 1.73+/-0.1 m, body mass (BM) 79.4+/-2.4 kg were tested in euhydrated, dehydrated, and a 2-hours [...]
PURPOSE:: Dehydration is hypothesized to cause exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC). The theory states that dehydration contracts the interstitial space thereby increasing the pressure on nerve terminals and cramps ensue. Research supporting this theory is often observational and fatigue is rarely controlled. Inducing cramps with electrical stimulation minimizes many of the confounding factors associated with exercise-induced [...]
Professional boxing is a combat sport categorized into a series of weight classes. Given the sport's underpinning culture, boxers' typical approach to "making weight" is usually via severe acute and/or chronic energy restriction and dehydration. Such practices have implications for physical performance and also carry health risks. This article provides a case-study account outlining a [...]
Fluid is typically administered via intravenous (IV) infusion to athletes who develop clinical symptoms of heat illness, based on the perception that dehydration is a primary factor contributing to the condition. However, other athletes also voluntarily rehydrate with IV fluid as opposed to, or in conjunction with, oral rehydration. The voluntary use of IV fluids [...]
Two studies were conducted to investigate gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of high carbohydrate (CHO) intakes during intense running. The first study investigated tolerance of a CHO gel delivering glucose plus fructose (GLU+FRC) at different rates. The second study investigated tolerance of high intakes of glucose (GLU) vs. GLU+FRC gel. Both studies used a randomized, 2-treatment, 2-period [...]
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of ice slurry ingestion on thermoregulatory responses and sub-maximal running time in the heat. METHODS:: On two separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, ten males ingested 7.5 g.kg of either ice slurry (-1 degrees C) or cold water (4 degrees C) before running to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold [...]