Advances in clinical and laboratory knowledge have led to new concepts in the management of acute infectious diarrhea in children. The major advance has been the development of oral rehydration therapy, which is effective for the treatment of diarrhea of any etiology in patients of any age. Optimal management of acute infectious diarrhea includes the [...]
Dehydration has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Dehydration risk increases with advancing age, and will progressively become an issue as the aging population increases. Worldwide, those aged 60 years and over are the fastest growing segment of the population. The study aimed to develop a clinically practical means to identify dehydration amongst older [...]
Three cases highlight the association between elevated breast milk sodium and hypernatremic dehydration in the infant. All three mothers, breast-feeding exclusively, had sodium levels in breast milk elevated significantly above normal. Severe hypernatremic dehydration in otherwise normal infants who are exclusively breast fed can be due to elevated sodium levels in breast milk. PMID: 7778332 [...]
Dehydration negatively impacts geriatric hospitalization outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hydration status of psychogeriatric inpatients and explore possible factors for dehydration. A descriptive, retrospective chart review of patients discharged from a psychogeriatric unit was completed. Clinical and biochemical information was collected at three time points (admission, mid-point, and discharge). Results [...]
BACKGROUND: The development of symptomatic hyponatraemia consequent on participation in marathon and ultraendurance races has led to questions about its aetiology and prevention. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate: (a) the assertion that sweat sodium losses cannot contribute to the development of hyponatraemia during endurance exercise; (b) the adequacy of fluid replacement recommendations issued by the International Marathon [...]
OBJECTIVE: To consider whether consumption of black tea has a positive or negative impact on health. DESIGN: Databases were searched for relevant epidemiological and clinical studies published between 1990 and 2004. RESULTS: Clear evidence was found for coronary heart disease (CHD), where an intake of > or = 3 cups per day related to risk [...]
There are many occupations where workers undergo daily exposure to rigorous environments, often with only limited access to fluids. Such conditions warrant the use of an electrolyte rehydration beverage; however, the long-term use of such beverages may pose potential health risks due to the increase in dietary sodium intake. This study proposed to determine blood [...]
The intent of this study was to assess the influence of drink flavor and composition on voluntary drinking and hydration status in girls exercising intermittently in the heat (35 +/- 1 degrees C, 45-50% relative humidity). Twelve physically active, nonacclimatized girls (9-12 years) performed three 3 h identical sessions, each consisting of four 20 min [...]
CONTEXT: Carbohydrate ingestion has recently been associated with elevated core temperature during exercise in the heat when testing for ergogenic effects. Whether the association holds when metabolic rate is controlled is unclear. Such an effect would have undesirable consequences for the safety of the athlete. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether ingesting fluids containing carbohydrate contributed to [...]
BACKGROUND: Hypernatremic dehydration amongst exclusively breastfed neonates due to inadequate breastfeeding or underfeeding is a potentially devastating condition. We investigated the epidemiological and clinic features of hypernatremic dehydration. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of neonates that were less than 28 days of age, weighing > or =2000 g with gestational age of 36 [...]