In this double-blind crossover study, the effects of bolus infusions of 0.9% saline (NaCl) and Hartmann's solution on serum albumin, haematocrit and serum and urinary biochemistry were compared in healthy subjects. Nine young adult male volunteers received 2-litre intravenous infusions of 0.9% saline and Hartmann's solution on separate occasions, in random order, each over 1h. [...]
Drinking water for approximately one sixth of US households is obtained from private wells. These wells can become contaminated by pollutant chemicals or pathogenic organisms and cause illness. Although the US Environmental Protection Agency and all states offer guidance for construction, maintenance, and testing of private wells, there is little regulation. With few exceptions, well [...]
OBJECTIVE: To compare the treatment of acute intravenous hydration with placebo in term pregnant women manifesting oligohydramnios. METHODS: All patients with oligohydramnios who met the inclusion criteria were offered participation in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. After ruling out rupture of membranes and maternal and fetal complications, we recruited 44 women with third trimester singleton [...]
The occupation of firefighting is one that has repeatedly attracted the research interests of ergonomics. Among the activities encountered are attention to live fires, performing search and rescue of victims, and dealing with emergencies. The scientific literature is reviewed to highlight the investigative models used to contribute to the knowledge base about the ergonomics of [...]
Background: Knowledge of the biological variability of the hydration factor (HF), ie, the ratio between total body water and fat-free mass, is important when calculating total body fat by means of the commonly used two-component model, which is based on estimates of body weight and total body water. The effect of pregnancy on the biological [...]
The purpose of this study was to determine the sweat rate and sweat electrolyte composition in female international level soccer players. Thirteen soccer players performed two 90 min soccer-specific training sessions (T1 and T2) on separate days. Hydration status was determined prior to each session and sweat loss, sweat rate and sweat composition (Na (+), [...]
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of ice slurry ingestion on thermoregulatory responses and sub-maximal running time in the heat. METHODS:: On two separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, ten males ingested 7.5 g.kg of either ice slurry (-1 degrees C) or cold water (4 degrees C) before running to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold [...]
AIM: This paper describes the findings of a descriptive study about what nurses do to ensure that older people with dementia have adequate hydration. BACKGROUND: Frail nursing home residents, particularly those who cannot accurately communicate their thirst as a result of Alzheimer's disease and who depend on nursing staff for their fluid intake, are at [...]
Background & aimsnNasogastric feeding may result in gastro-oesophageal reflux and, therefore, increase the risk of aspiration. This may be greater when feeds are administered via a bolus than by infusion. We aimed to measure gastric emptying time and quantify gastro-oesophageal reflux in healthy volunteers given a liquid feed via an oral bolus (OB), a nasogastric [...]
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fluid ingestion on pacing strategies and performance during intermittent-sprint exercise in the heat. Nine male rugby players performed a habituation session and 2 50-min intermittent-sprint protocols at a temperature of 31°C, either with or without fluid. Participants were informed of a third session (not [...]