Eating disorders are typical diseases of adolescence and early adulthood. About 1-3% of female juveniles suffer from anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN). Today AN is still the psychiatric disease with the highest mortality rate. The peri-operative mortality rate of patients suffering from AN is in the range up to 15%. The beginning of [...]
BACKGROUND: Nurses that care for patients with advanced dementia are increasingly faced with consequences of disease progression, often requiring them to decide whether to artificially feed these patients. Clarifying how nurses can be better supported in complex care processes involving ethically sensitive decision-making requires that their practice be mapped out. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this [...]
The purpose of this study was to determine the sweat rate and sweat electrolyte composition in female international level soccer players. Thirteen soccer players performed two 90 min soccer-specific training sessions (T1 and T2) on separate days. Hydration status was determined prior to each session and sweat loss, sweat rate and sweat composition (Na (+), [...]
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of ice slurry ingestion on thermoregulatory responses and sub-maximal running time in the heat. METHODS:: On two separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, ten males ingested 7.5 g.kg of either ice slurry (-1 degrees C) or cold water (4 degrees C) before running to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold [...]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for the estimation of total body water (TBW) has advantages over isotope dilution techniques, including cost, portability, and ease of use. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of a BIS device (Imp SFB7) for tracking changes in overfat and obese individuals. METHODS: Sixty overfat [...]
In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a theory-based psychological implementation intention strategy on the volume and frequency of intake of a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution by participants engaged in submaximal exercise. Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to an implementation intention or control condition. Participants assigned to the implementation intention condition were required to write down [...]
BACKGROUND: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive rapid and simple bedside technique that can be used to predict total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW) and identify altered fluid distribution following critical illness. METHODS: An equivalence study of BIA in 32 hospitalized elderly patients was compared with reference standard dilutional [...]
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hydration status on pacing of trail runners in the heat (wet bulb globe temperature = 26.2 +/- 1.8 degrees C). A randomized, crossover design was used and the participation occurred within a 2-week period. Seventeen competitive, well-trained distance runners (9 men, 8 women, age [...]
Contrasting data are published on the effects of high salt intake (between 300 and 660 mmol/d) on Na balance and fluid retention. In some studies high levels of NaCl intake (400, 440, 550 and 660 mmol/d) led to positive Na balances without fluid retention. To test the relevance of different baseline NaCl intake levels on [...]
Professional boxing is a combat sport categorized into a series of weight classes. Given the sport's underpinning culture, boxers' typical approach to "making weight" is usually via severe acute and/or chronic energy restriction and dehydration. Such practices have implications for physical performance and also carry health risks. This article provides a case-study account outlining a [...]