Although adequate amniotic fluid (AF) volume is considered an important aspect of fetal well-being, the etiology of decreased AF volume is not well understood. A randomized blinded trial was designed to examine our hypothesis that maternal hydration would increase the AF index in women with low AF indexes. Women seen in our testing centers were [...]
This study examined the effects of beverage composition on the voluntary drinking pattern, body fluid balance, and thermoregulation of heat-acclimatized trained boys exercising intermittently in outdoor conditions (wet bulb globe temperature 30.4 +/- 1.0 degreesC). Twelve boys (age 13.4 +/- 0.4 yr) performed two 3-h sessions, each consisting of four 20-min cycling bouts at 60% [...]
Athletes are encouraged to begin exercise well hydrated and to consume sufficient amounts of appropriate fluids during exercise to limit water and salt deficits. Available evidence suggests that many athletes begin exercise already dehydrated to some degree, and although most fail to drink enough to match sweat losses, some drink too much and a few [...]
A study was carried out to assess the effects of immediate postoperative oral rehydration in 51 unpremedicated women undergoing caesarean section under epidural anesthesia. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: group 1 (n = 22)--fasting at least until 24 hours after the end of the operation, and group 2 (n = 29)--receiving immediate [...]
As a result of exercise-induced sweating, athletes and trained individuals can lose up to 3 L of fluid per hour. Fluid replacement is required to maintain hydration and allow the athlete to continue to perform. Inadequate fluid intake will adversely affect temperature regulation, cardiovascular function, and muscle metabolism. To maximize fluid intake and effectively replace [...]
Sweat evaporation can be a key thermoregulatory mechanism and it causes a loss of water from all compartments of the body. Hypohydration can also develop with restricted fluid intake or with intake of diuretics. Hypohydration can affect physical and/or mental performance and/or have implications for dietary recommendations. A variety of different types and modes of [...]
Although the mechanisms responsible for the onset of preterm labor in human pregnancy are unclear, animal studies have demonstrated that decreased nutrient intake is associated with increased uterine prostaglandin F metabolite production and spontaneous uterine contractions. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of maternal nutrition and dehydration with preterm uterine contractility. [...]
OBJECTIVE: Although urine production depends on numerous physiological variables there are no quantitative data regarding the effect of bladder decompression, by means of continuous catheter drainage, on urine production. The aim of this study was to investigate this effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in two stages, each consisting of two phases. [...]
With an increasing number of children and adolescents involved in competitive athletics throughout the calendar year, the sports medicine team must be familiar with preventing and treating heat-related illness. Heat illness is a spectrum of illnesses from heat cramps to heat stroke. Mortality for heat stroke ranges from 17% to 70%, depending on severity and [...]
This investigation evaluated the new National Collegiate Athletic Association model of heat acclimatization for football players using physiological, psychological, fluid balance, anthropometric, and nutritional variables. Eleven football players (20 +/- 1 year, 1.88 +/- 0.05 m, and 115.36 +/- 18.85 kg) from a Division I football team were observed for the first 8 days of [...]