Disorders of water homeostasis are common in psychiatric patients and include compulsive water drinking, the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), and the syndrome of self-induced water intoxication (SIWI). Although water intoxication was recognized nearly 70 years ago, the physiological basis of these disorders of water metabolism still remains elusive. This review will provide [...]
The physical properties and chemical composition of urine are highly variable and are determined in large measure by the quantity and the type of food consumed. The specific gravity is the ratio of the density to that of water, and it is dependent on the number and weight of solute particles and on the temperature [...]
Our objective was to evaluate the effect of maternal hydration status on the maternal renal collecting system during the third trimester of pregnancy. Thirty-five patients with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were studied between 28 and 40 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound of the maternal kidneys was performed at baseline and after oral hydration with 1 L of [...]
Normal osmoregulation is maintained by the proper function and interplay of factors influencing thirst, renal water metabolism, and vasopressin secretion. In pathophysiologic states, body water homeostasis is disrupted and hyponatremia ensures. Hyponatremia associated with cardiac failure, hepatic failure, respiratory failure, diabetes mellitus, the postoperative state, and other disorders is commonly found in the critical care [...]
OBJECTIVE: To establish an early, safe, and well-tolerated time to start oral hydration after cesarean delivery. METHODS: A prospective randomized trial of women delivered by cesarean under regional anesthesia at Alanya Research and Medical Center, Turkey, between 2005 and 2006. A clear liquid drink was given to 100 women in the early oral intake (EOI) [...]
No abstract available.
No abstract available.
Clinical disorders of water regulation are relatively common and occur with severity ranging from profound and easily recognizable disturbance of body water balance to mild and often clinically inapparent. The development of sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay procedures capable of quantitating the level of AVP in plasma and urine has allowed elucidation of the pathophysiology of [...]
No abstract available.