This Position Stand provides guidance on fluid replacement to sustain appropriate hydration of individuals performing physical activity. The goal of prehydrating is to start the activity euhydrated and with normal plasma electrolyte levels. Prehydrating with beverages, in addition to normal meals and fluid intake, should be initiated when needed at least several hours before the [...]
To evaluate the relative utility of clinical and laboratory parameters of dehydration in children for predicting the magnitude of percent less of body weight (PLBW), we studied 97 children who required intravenous fluids for acute dehydration. After a complete history and physical examination, the managing physician made a clinical estimation of dehydration for each child, [...]
OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity and reliability of various clinical findings in the diagnosis of dehydration in children. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: An urban pediatric hospital emergency department. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred eighty-six children ranging in age from 1 month to 5 years old with diarrhea, vomiting, or poor oral fluid intake, either admitted or [...]
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OBJECTIVE--To review published literature regarding dehydration in older individuals and formulate a consensus on the evaluation and treatment of this unrecognized cause of hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION--The literature concerning dehydration in the elderly population from MEDLINE was reviewed from 1976 through 1995. Search terms included dehydration, elderly, evaluation, hospitalization, and [...]
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Dehydration is a common water and electrolyte disorder in long-term care residents. Practical methods to detect and monitor dehydration are needed. This study determined whether urine color measured by a urine color chart reflects hydration status. The study employed a repeated measures design with two observations during a 10-hour period. Urine color was compared to [...]
OBJECTIVE: We previously created a clinical dehydration scale. Our objective was to validate the clinical dehydration scale with a new cohort of patients with acute gastroenteritis who were assessed in a tertiary emergency department in a developed country. METHODS: A prospective observational study was performed in an emergency department at a large pediatric tertiary center [...]