WEIGHT GAIN IN PREGNANCY
No abstract available.
DILUTION AND REDISTRIBUTION EFFECTS OF RAPID 2-LITRE INFUSIONS OF 0.9% (W/V) SALINE AND 5% (W/V) DEXTROSE ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY IN NORMAL SUBJECTS: A DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER STUDY
Although hypoalbuminaemia after injury may result from increased vascular permeability, dilution secondary to crystalloid infusions may contribute significantly. In this double-blind crossover study, the effects of bolus infusions of crystalloids on serum albumin, haematocrit, serum and urinary biochemistry and bioelectrical impedance analysis were measured in healthy subjects. Ten male volunteers received 2-litre infusions of 0.9% [...]
VOLUNTARY DEHYDRATION IN RUNNERS DESPITE FAVORABLE CONDITIONS FOR FLUID INTAKE
This study investigated the relationship between runners' perceptions of fluid needs and drinking behavior under conditions of compensable heat stress (ambient temperature = 20.5 +/- 0.7 degrees C, 68.9 degrees F; relative humidity = 76.6%). Eighteen experienced runners (15 men, 40.5 +/- 2.5 y, and 3 women, 42 +/- 2.3 y) were given ad libitum [...]
MATERNAL HYDRATION FOR INCREASING AMNIOTIC FLUID VOLUME IN OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS AND NORMAL AMNIOTIC FLUID VOLUME
BACKGROUND: Oligohydramnios (reduced amniotic fluid) may be responsible for malpresentation problems, umbilical cord compression, concentration of meconium in the liquor, and difficult or failed external cephalic version. Simple maternal hydration has been suggested as a way of increasing amniotic fluid volume in order to reduce some of these problems. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review [...]
EFFECT OF EQUILIBRATED HYDRATION CHANGES ON TOTAL BODY WATER ESTIMATES BY BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS
The present study was performed to determine how equilibrated fluctuations in hydration affected the validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for body composition assessment. Total body water (TBW) expansion was induced by a 4 d endurance trial and the subsequent water loss was obtained over the recovery period. Twelve healthy men exercised on a cycle [...]
ADHERENCE TO ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY AMONG IN-PATIENT CHILDREN AGED 1-59 MONTHS WITH SOME OR NO DEHYDRATION
OBJECTIVE: To determine adherence to oral rehydration solution (ORS) among in-patients aged 1-59 months suffering from gastroenteritis and having some dehydration (SD) or no dehydration (ND) in two rural hospitals in Kenya. METHODS: Children aged 1-59 months suffering from acute gastroenteritis with (SD) or (ND) were enrolled into the study, examined and medical records reviewed. [...]
OSMOREGULATION, THE SECRETION OF ARGININE VASOPRESSIN AND ITS METABOLISM DURING PREGNANCY
This review stresses changes in osmoregulation as well as the secretion and metabolism of arginine vasopressin during pregnancy, focusing on human gestation. Pregnant women experience a decrease in body tonicity, plasma osmolality decreasing immediately after conception to a nadir approximately 10 mosmol/kg below non-pregnant levels early in pregnancy, after which a new steady state is [...]
EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN WATER COMPARTMENTS ON PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM
There is paramount evidence to suggest the importance of cell volume changes for the regulation of cell function, including protein metabolism. Among many other effects, cell swelling inhibits proteolysis and stimulates protein synthesis. However, most of the data pertinent to this theory relate to in vitro experiments. This paper reviews the evidence about the relevance [...]
NUTRITIONAL AND HYDRATION STATUS IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS: CLINICAL RATING VERSUS BIOIMPEDANCE ANALYSIS
Malnutrition and dehydration are common in elderly. A simple, reliable instrument to assess nutritional and hydration status would be very helpful. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been promising in this context, but data of elderly persons and geriatric in-hospital patients are rare. Therefore, we first compared BIA measurements (resistance, reactance, phase angle and a resulting [...]
FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE METABOLISM IN NORMAL AND ABNORMAL PREGNANCY
No abstract available.