This study investigated the relationship between runners' perceptions of fluid needs and drinking behavior under conditions of compensable heat stress (ambient temperature = 20.5 +/- 0.7 degrees C, 68.9 degrees F; relative humidity = 76.6%). Eighteen experienced runners (15 men, 40.5 +/- 2.5 y, and 3 women, 42 +/- 2.3 y) were given ad libitum [...]
BACKGROUND: Oligohydramnios (reduced amniotic fluid) may be responsible for malpresentation problems, umbilical cord compression, concentration of meconium in the liquor, and difficult or failed external cephalic version. Simple maternal hydration has been suggested as a way of increasing amniotic fluid volume in order to reduce some of these problems. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review [...]
The present study was performed to determine how equilibrated fluctuations in hydration affected the validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for body composition assessment. Total body water (TBW) expansion was induced by a 4 d endurance trial and the subsequent water loss was obtained over the recovery period. Twelve healthy men exercised on a cycle [...]
OBJECTIVE: To determine adherence to oral rehydration solution (ORS) among in-patients aged 1-59 months suffering from gastroenteritis and having some dehydration (SD) or no dehydration (ND) in two rural hospitals in Kenya. METHODS: Children aged 1-59 months suffering from acute gastroenteritis with (SD) or (ND) were enrolled into the study, examined and medical records reviewed. [...]
This review stresses changes in osmoregulation as well as the secretion and metabolism of arginine vasopressin during pregnancy, focusing on human gestation. Pregnant women experience a decrease in body tonicity, plasma osmolality decreasing immediately after conception to a nadir approximately 10 mosmol/kg below non-pregnant levels early in pregnancy, after which a new steady state is [...]
There is paramount evidence to suggest the importance of cell volume changes for the regulation of cell function, including protein metabolism. Among many other effects, cell swelling inhibits proteolysis and stimulates protein synthesis. However, most of the data pertinent to this theory relate to in vitro experiments. This paper reviews the evidence about the relevance [...]
Malnutrition and dehydration are common in elderly. A simple, reliable instrument to assess nutritional and hydration status would be very helpful. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been promising in this context, but data of elderly persons and geriatric in-hospital patients are rare. Therefore, we first compared BIA measurements (resistance, reactance, phase angle and a resulting [...]
No abstract available.
Context:nHealth care professionals advocate that athletes who are susceptible to exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMCs) should moderately increase their fluid and electrolyte intake by drinking sport drinks. Some clinicians have also claimed drinking small volumes of pickle juice effectively relieves acute EAMCs, often alleviating them within 35 seconds. Others fear ingesting pickle juice will enhance dehydration-induced [...]
No abstract available.