The objective was to present our clinical experience with bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Forty-six patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) without oedema, 21 oedematous nephrotic children and 15 in remission from nephrotic syndrome were studied. The age range was 2-14 years. Data were obtained with the vector bioelectric impedance analysis method (Piccoli's RXc graph [...]
CONTEXT: In hot environments, the American football uniform predisposes athletes to exertional heat exhaustion or exercise-induced hyperthermia at the threshold for heat stroke (rectal temperature [T(re)] > 39 degrees C). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differential effects of 2 American football uniform configurations on exercise, thermal, cardiovascular, hematologic, and perceptual responses in a hot, humid environment. [...]
Epidemiological data indicate that the risk of neurally mediated syncope is substantially higher in the morning. Syncope is precipitated by cerebral hypoperfusion, yet no chronobiological experiment has been undertaken to examine whether the major circulatory factors, which influence perfusion, show diurnal variation during a controlled orthostatic challenge. Therefore, we examined the diurnal variation in orthostatic [...]
BACKGROUND: With the current practice of using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for the assessment of renal function, serum urea is arguably a redundant test. However, with little evidence, it is purported that urea can be used as a marker to aid in the assessment of hydration status. The aim of this study was to [...]
The goal of this study was to instrumentally evaluate the skin of healthy infants and to compare it to adult skin. A total of 70 infants, 45 girls and 25 boys, ages 8-24 months, and 30 healthy women were studied by means of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, and pH measurements at two different skin [...]
Primary cerebral vasculitis in children is a newly recognized, rare inflammatory condition affecting the vessels of the brain. It is characterized by newly acquired neurological deficit(s) with angiographic or histological evidence of central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis, in the absence of other known diseases with these findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review [...]
BACKGROUND: Contrast-induced nephropathy is the leading cause of in-hospital acute renal failure. This side effect of contrast agents leads to increased morbidity, mortality, and health costs. Ensuring adequate hydration prior to contrast exposure is highly effective at preventing this complication, although the optimal hydration strategy to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy still remains an unresolved issue. Former [...]
The storage of high level radioactive waste is still an unresolved problem of the nuclear industry, being geological disposal the most favoured option and, naturally, the one requiring the strongest geo-mechanical input. Most conceptual designs for the deep geological disposal of nuclear waste envisage placing the canisters containing the waste in horizontal drifts or vertical [...]
Discovery of intestinal sodium-glucose transport was the basis for development of oral rehydration solution, and was hailed as potentially the most important medical advance of the 20th century. Before widespread use of oral rehydration solution, treatment for diarrhoea was restricted to intravenous fluid replacement, for which patients had to go to a health-care facility to [...]
BACKGROUND: Early graft function is crucial for successful kidney transplantation. Maintaining adequate hydration is complicated by rapid movement of water to the extravascular space. We designed this study to test the effect of maximal hydration during graft ischemia time on early renal function. METHODS: Forty adult patients with chronic renal failure underwent renal transplantation from [...]