During the bed-rest in the young subjects, the water intake should be depressed, because the diuretic is probably accelerated, and then the total body water and body weight is decreased by the water loss. In our previous study in 1991, we have reported that urinary volume was gradually increased, while water intake was decreased. Therefore, [...]
As part of a large-scale field feeding system test we were able to collect and study hundreds of aliquots of overnight urine samples obtained immediately prior to a fasting blood sample on days 1, 20, and 44 of the field test. The large number of experimental samples (greater than 650) and concomitant collection of blood [...]
The relationship among changes in thirst sensations, blood variables, and differential fluid intake in hypohydrated humans was examined. Seven subjects were hypohydrated by 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% of their body weight on four separate trials which were systematically randomized between subjects. Hypohydration levels were achieved with a regimen of restricted food and fluid intake [...]
No abstract available.
To determine whether responses to dehydration are altered with age, we investigated the thirst, fluid and electrolyte responses, and hormonal responses to 24 hours of water deprivation in seven healthy active elderly men (67 to 75 years old) and seven healthy young men (20 to 31 years old) who were matched for weight loss during [...]
Patients with fever have a predisposition to experience dehydration, which may alter their thermoregulatory responses to elevated body temperature. In view of the recent discovery of the antipyretic activity of arginine vasopressin (AVP), it is possible that dehydration has a beneficial role during fever. Dehydration may enhance endogenous antipyresis by stimulating AVP release, making aggressive [...]
A 40-year-old schizophrenic presenting with an acute toxic psychosis was found to be severely hyponatremic with a serum osmolality of 217 mOsm/kg. The patient was combative and required physical restraints. Shortly after admission the patient's serum transaminase level was elevated, and the next day the CPK value was 175,000 IU. In addition, his serum and [...]
No abstract available.
The role of hydration in the maintenance of health is increasingly recognized. Studies in healthy adults show that even mild dehydration impairs a number of important aspects of cognitive function such as concentration, alertness, and short-term memory. However, due to the lack of suitable tools for assessment of hydration status, the effects of hydration on [...]
No abstract available.